Which statement correctly summarizes the concept of moles in chemistry?

The concept of a mole in chemistry is foundational and is crucial for quantifying the amount of substance. The correct statement highlights that a mole is defined as containing (6.02 \times 10^{23}) representative particles, which can be atoms, molecules, ions, or other entities, depending on the substance being measured. This number is known as Avogadro's number and is a constant that allows chemists to relate macroscopic measurements (like mass) to microscopic quantities (like the number of atoms or molecules).

This definition is significant because it provides a bridge between the atomic scale and the macroscopic scale, enabling the calculation of how much of a substance is present through measurements typically taken in the laboratory. Knowing that a mole corresponds to this specific quantity of particles means that chemists can predict reactions, combine proportions, and maintain consistency in chemical equations.

Other statements either misrepresent the concept or limit its applicability. For example, while the statement about the mass equal to atomic mass refers to a related concept (molar mass), it is only true for one mole of elements and not a general definition of a mole. The notion that a mole is only for gases ignores its applicability to solids and liquids, both of which can be quantified in m